One cause of the laborers' difficult situation described in the excerpt is the unfair laws that favor contractors over the workers. These laws make it easier for employers to control workers and pay them less than they deserve. The point of view in the excerpt shows sympathy for the Italian laborers, highlighting that their hard work is not rewarded fairly and they suffer under greedy contractors. It expresses concern that laborers have little protection and are trapped in debt to their employers. This situation is significant historically because it reflects common problems faced by immigrants during the Gilded Age, such as exploitation and unfair labor practices. The excerpt supports the argument that immigration during this time often led to harsh working conditions and social struggles for many laborers.