Learn how summer vacation evolved from exclusive elite getaways before the Civil War to a widespread cultural tradition in 20th century America, shaped by capitalism, labor movements, and social change.
Summer vacation did not exist as we know it 200 years ago; initially, it was only wealthy elites who could afford to vacation in resorts before the Civil War. Over time, thanks to rising tourism, labor unions, and urban planning, summer became a popular time for rest and leisure among the working and middle classes, with places like Atlantic City and Coney Island becoming accessible retreats. However, this development also created low-paid seasonal work for many, especially African Americans, highlighting the complex relationship between capitalism and leisure.