What is a Hazardous Manual Task?
A hazardous manual task (HMT) is a task that involves one or more of these elements and has the potential to cause injury or health problems when performed at work:
- Uncomfortable or awkward postures (e.g., bending, twisting, reaching above shoulder height)
- Repetitive or sustained movements or actions done repeatedly
- Forceful exertions (lifting, pushing, pulling, pushing heavy loads)
- Exposure to vibration or extreme temperatures
- Chemical or hazardous substance exposure as part of the task
HMTs are not limited to manual handling of weights; they include tasks that strain the body and increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and related injuries.
Four Management Methods to Identify Hazardous Manual Tasks
Safe Work Australia provides guidance for recognizing HMTs. Here are four practical methods management can use to identify them in the workplace:
- Workplace Risk Assessments – Conduct systematic assessments of tasks to identify HMTs by analyzing how work is done, the loads handled, the postures used, frequency, duration, and environmental factors.
- Observation and Job Analysis – Have trained supervisors or safety professionals observe workers performing tasks, record actions, and analyze postures, forces, and repetition. Use structured checklists and consider video recording (with consent) to review tasks later.
- Consultation with Workers – Engage workers to report tasks they consider hazardous. Worker input helps identify hidden risks and practical solutions. Use interviews, toolbox talks, and anonymous reporting mechanisms.
- Data and Incident/Close-Call Review – Review injury records, near-misses, and health surveillance data to identify tasks linked to musculoskeletal injuries. Look for patterns (e.g., specific loads, shifts, or equipment) that indicate HMTs.
Additional notes for implementing these methods:
- Use a risk management approach: identify hazards, assess risks, control risks, and review effectiveness.
- Apply control measures: eliminate the hazard where possible, or substitute, modify the task, use engineering controls (mechanical aids, redesigned workflows), provide administrative controls (training, job rotation), and supply appropriate PPE if needed.
- Document and review: keep records of assessments and controls, and review them when processes change, injuries occur, or new information becomes available.