Industrial Revolution and Imperialism - 3rd Period (Student Age) Short Answer Guide

Student Name and Class Period

Name: _____________________________

Class Period: 3rd Nine Weeks Review Part 2

Directions: Provide brief, complete sentences that answer each question. Use the slide show and notes as references.

1. In what ways did imperialism affect indigenous cultures? Imperialism changed indigenous cultures through cultural erasure, loss of land, and new borders; some traditions persisted, but many communities faced disruption.
2. What was a major Social Reform movement during industrialization? A major movement was the labor reform movement, including unions and worker protections.
3. How did Industrialization affect urban environments? It caused rapid urban growth, crowded housing, and sanitation problems.
4. The steam engine changed transportation by? It powered trains and ships, enabling faster, more reliable transport.
5. What was the main impact of the Berlin Conference on Africa? It formalized the scramble for Africa, dividing lands among European powers without African consent.
6. Technological advances allowed production to increase through the ideas of? The ideas of efficiency, mechanization, and mass production (automation and steam power).
7. The Commercial Revolution changed European economics by? Expanding trade, increasing wealth, and creating new financial systems.
8. What were the factors that enabled the Industrial Revolution to begin? Abundant coal and iron, a strong navy, colonial resources, agricultural change, stable government, and inventions like the steam engine.
9. How did women's roles change during the Industrial Revolution? More women worked in factories and later pursued education and professional opportunities.
10. What was Social Darwinism and how did it influence imperialism? A belief that stronger nations should rule weaker ones, used to justify conquest and dominance.
11. How did European imperialism affect China in the 19th century? It led to unequal treaties, loss of sovereignty, and economic and territorial pressures on China.
12. What are three ways James Watt's steam engine impacted industrialization? Powered factories, enabled locomotives and steam ships, and allowed year-round production.
13. What was a major effect of the Industrial Revolution on social structure? A growing gap between factory owners and workers, and new social classes emerged.
14. What role did technology play in European imperialism? Technology improved weapons, transportation, and communication, aiding conquest and control.
15. Which factors contributed to Europe’s Commercial Revolution? Expanded trade networks, banking, and new corporations; global exchange of goods and capital.
16. What was the outcome of the 1884 Berlin Conference? Major European powers formalized claims in Africa and divided territories among themselves.

Note: Each answer is a single sentence or two brief sentences as needed.