Long multiplication is a method of multiplying large numbers that involve multiple digits. Let's start with a simple example: 24 multiplied by 13. First, write the numbers one below the other like this:
24 x 13 -----
Next, multiply the ones digit of the top number (4) by the bottom number (3) which equals 12. Write the 2 in the ones place and carry over the 1 to the tens place. Then, put a 0 under the line and multiply the tens digit of the top number (2) by the bottom number (3) which equals 6. Add the carried over 1 to get 7. The final result is 312.
Another example is 456 multiplied by 12. Write the numbers and perform the multiplication step by step. Remember to add the carried over numbers if any. Always start from the right and move to the left. Remember to add zeros as placeholders when multiplying the tens and hundreds places numbers.
As you can see, long multiplication may seem complicated at first, but with practice and repetition, it becomes much easier. Just remember to take it step by step, and you'll get the hang of it in no time!