Understanding the Basics of Negative Numbers for Beginners

Understanding Negative Numbers

Negative numbers are a fundamental part of mathematics, representing values less than zero. They often come into play in various mathematical operations and real-life situations.

What are Negative Numbers?

Negative numbers are numbers that are less than zero, often denoted with a minus sign (-). For example, -2, -3, and -50 are negative numbers. They can be used to represent debts, temperatures below freezing, or any scenario where quantities can fall below a reference point.

How to Work with Negative Numbers?

1. Addition and Subtraction

When adding a negative number, you are essentially subtracting its absolute value. For example:

• 5 + -3 = 5 - 3 = 2
• -2 + -3 = -2 - 3 = -5

When subtracting a negative number, you are adding its absolute value:

• 5 - (-3) = 5 + 3 = 8
• -2 - (-3) = -2 + 3 = 1

2. Multiplication and Division

When multiplying or dividing negative numbers, here are the rules to follow:

• Negative × Negative = Positive
• Positive × Negative = Negative
• Negative ÷ Negative = Positive
• Positive ÷ Negative = Negative

For example:

• -2 × -3 = 6
• -2 × 3 = -6
• -6 ÷ -2 = 3
• -6 ÷ 2 = -3

Practical Example

Let's take an example: Imagine you have a temperature of -2 degrees and it drops by another 3 degrees. Here's how you calculate it:

• New Temperature = -2 - 3 = -5 degrees

On the other hand, if the temperature rises from -5 degrees by 2 degrees:

• New Temperature = -5 + 2 = -3 degrees

Conclusion

Understanding negative numbers is crucial in mathematics. They follow specific rules when being added, subtracted, multiplied, or divided. Practice these operations to gain confidence in working with negative values!