The official state-mandated curriculum standards for K-12 education in Georgia. While Science and Social Studies operate under the Georgia Standards of Excellen
Georgia, United States
The official state-mandated curriculum standards for K-12 education in Georgia. While Science and Social Studies operate under the Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE), Mathematics and English Language Arts have transitioned to 'Georgia's K-12 Standards' with implementation in 2023 and 2025 respectively.
The official state-mandated curriculum standards for K-12 education in Georgia. While Science and Social Studies operate under the Georgia Standards of Excellence (GSE), Mathematics and English Language Arts have transitioned to 'Georgia's K-12 Standards' with implementation in 2023 and 2025 respectively.
Year Adopted: 2016 (GSE Science/Social Studies), 2021 (Math), 2023 (ELA)
Kindergarten, Grade 1, Grade 2, Grade 3, Grade 4, Grade 5, Grade 6, Grade 7, Grade 8, Grade 9, Grade 10, Grade 11, Grade 12
Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print.
Key skills: Follow words left to right, Recognize spoken words are represented by written languageDemonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
Key skills: Print many upper- and lowercase letters, Use frequently occurring nouns and verbsWith prompting and support, ask and answer questions about key details in a text.
Key skills: Identify characters, Retell familiar storiesDemonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds (phonemes).
Key skills: Distinguish long and short vowels, Blend sounds to produce wordsIdentify the main topic and retell key details of a text.
Key skills: Identify main topic, Retell key detailsDetermine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 1 reading and content.
Key skills: Use sentence-level context clues, Use affixes as cluesRecount stories, including fables and folktales from diverse cultures, and determine their central message, lesson, or moral.
Key skills: Recount stories, Determine central messageKnow and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
Key skills: Distinguish long and short vowels, Decode two-syllable wordsWrite opinion pieces in which they introduce the topic or book they are writing about, state an opinion, supply reasons that support the opinion, and provide a concluding statement.
Key skills: State an opinion, Supply supporting reasonsDescribe characters in a story (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions contribute to the sequence of events.
Key skills: Describe character traits, Analyze character actionsDemonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
Key skills: Explain function of nouns/verbs/adjectives, Form and use regular/irregular plural nounsWrite informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas and information clearly.
Key skills: Introduce a topic, Group related informationDescribe the overall structure (e.g., chronology, comparison, cause/effect, problem/solution) of events, ideas, concepts, or information in a text.
Key skills: Identify text structure, Analyze organization of ideasDetermine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 4 reading and content.
Key skills: Use context clues, Use Greek and Latin affixesWrite narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, descriptive details, and clear event sequences.
Key skills: Use dialogue and description, Establish a situationDetermine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text, including how characters in a story or drama respond to challenges.
Key skills: Determine theme, Summarize textDemonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
Key skills: Use conjunctions/prepositions/interjections, Form and use perfect verb tensesWrite opinion pieces on topics or texts, supporting a point of view with reasons and information.
Key skills: Order reasons logically, Provide concluding statementTrace and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, distinguishing claims that are supported by reasons and evidence from claims that are not.
Key skills: Trace arguments, Evaluate evidenceDetermine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grade 6 reading and content.
Key skills: Use context clues, Verify preliminary determination of meaningWrite informative/explanatory texts to examine a topic and convey ideas, concepts, and information through the selection, organization, and analysis of relevant content.
Key skills: Organize ideas, Use precise languageAnalyze how particular elements of a story or drama interact (e.g., how setting shapes the characters or plot).
Key skills: Analyze story elements, Explain interactions between setting and plotDemonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
Key skills: Explain function of phrases and clauses, Choose among simple/compound/complex sentencesWrite narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, relevant descriptive details, and well-structured event sequences.
Key skills: Engage and orient reader, Use sensory languageDetermine an author's point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how the author acknowledges and responds to conflicting evidence or viewpoints.
Key skills: Determine point of view, Analyze response to conflicting evidenceDetermine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words or phrases based on grade 8 reading and content.
Key skills: Use context clues, Use Greek/Latin rootsWrite arguments to support claims with clear reasons and relevant evidence.
Key skills: Introduce claim(s), Distinguish claims from alternate or opposing claimsCite strong and thorough textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text.
Key skills: Cite textual evidence, Draw inferencesDemonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
Key skills: Use parallel structure, Use various types of phrases and clausesWrite informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas, concepts, and information clearly and accurately.
Key skills: Introduce a topic, Develop topic with facts/definitionsDetermine a central idea of a text and analyze its development over the course of the text, including how it emerges and is shaped and refined by specific details.
Key skills: Determine central idea, Analyze development of ideasAcquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level.
Key skills: Acquire academic vocabulary, Use domain-specific termsWrite arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
Key skills: Introduce precise claim(s), Create organization that establishes relationshipsAnalyze the impact of the author's choices regarding how to develop and relate elements of a story or drama.
Key skills: Analyze author's choices, Evaluate narrative developmentApply the understanding that usage is a matter of convention, can change over time, and is sometimes contested.
Key skills: Resolve issues of complex usage, Consult referencesWrite narratives to develop real or imagined experiences or events using effective technique, well-chosen details, and well-structured event sequences.
Key skills: Use narrative techniques, Sequence events logicallyIntegrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in different media or formats as well as in words in order to address a question or solve a problem.
Key skills: Integrate multiple sources, Evaluate information across mediaDemonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.
Key skills: Gather vocabulary knowledge, Apply vocabulary in complex contextsWrite arguments to support claims in an analysis of substantive topics or texts, using valid reasoning and relevant and sufficient evidence.
Key skills: Establish significance of claims, Use specific rhetorical devicesDemonstrate an understanding of counting and cardinality to represent and compare numbers.
Key skills: Count to 100 by ones and tens, Write numbers from 0 to 20Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).
Key skills: Identify shapes, Describe relative positions (above, below)Describe and compare measurable attributes of objects.
Key skills: Describe length and weight, Compare two objectsExtend the counting sequence to 120 and demonstrate an understanding of place value.
Key skills: Count to 120, Understand tens and onesRepresent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.
Key skills: Solve word problems within 20, Relate counting to addition/subtractionMeasure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units.
Key skills: Order objects by length, Measure length using unitsUnderstand place value for numbers up to 1,000.
Key skills: Understand hundreds, tens, ones, Count within 1000Use addition and subtraction within 100 to solve one- and two-step word problems.
Key skills: Solve one- and two-step problems, Add and subtract within 20 fluentlyRecognize and draw shapes having specified attributes, such as a given number of angles or a given number of equal faces.
Key skills: Identify triangles, quadrilaterals, pentagons, hexagons, cubes, Partition rectangles into rows and columnsUse place value reasoning to represent, read, write, and compare numerical values up to 10,000.
Key skills: Round whole numbers, Compare multi-digit numbersUse part-whole strategies to solve real-life, mathematical problems involving multiplication and division with whole numbers within 100.
Key skills: Multiply and divide within 100, Solve word problemsSolve real-life, mathematical problems involving length, liquid volume, mass, and time.
Key skills: Tell and write time, Measure liquid volume and massRecognize patterns within the base ten place value system with quantities presented in real-life situations.
Key skills: Generalize place value understanding, Round multi-digit whole numbersSolve real-life problems involving addition, subtraction, equivalence, and comparison of fractions.
Key skills: Compare fractions, Add and subtract fractions with like denominatorsInvestigate the concepts of angles and angle measurement to estimate and measure angles.
Key skills: Measure angles, Recognize angles as geometric shapesUse place value understanding to solve real-life, mathematical problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of decimal numbers.
Key skills: Read and write decimals, Compare decimalsDescribe and explore the relationship between multiplication and division of fractions.
Key skills: Multiply fractions, Divide unit fractions by whole numbersExamine properties of polygons and rectangular prisms, classify polygons by their properties, and discover volume of right rectangular prisms.
Key skills: Classify 2D figures, Calculate volumeSolve a variety of contextual problems involving ratios, unit rates, equivalent ratios, percentages, and conversions within measurement systems.
Key skills: Understand ratio concepts, Use ratio reasoning to solve problemsIdentify, write, evaluate, and interpret numerical and algebraic expressions as mathematical models to explain relevant situations.
Key skills: Write expressions, Evaluate expressionsSolve relevant problems involving area, surface area, and volume.
Key skills: Find area of polygons, Find volume of prismsSolve relevant, mathematical problems involving operations with whole numbers, fractions, and decimal numbers.
Key skills: Apply operations with rational numbers, Solve real-world problemsUse properties of operations, generate equivalent expressions and interpret the expressions to explain relevant contextual situations.
Key skills: Add/subtract/factor linear expressions, Solve multi-step problemsSolve practical problems involving angle measurement, circles, area of circles, surface area of prisms and cylinders, and volume of cylinders and prisms.
Key skills: Use formulas for area and circumference, Solve problems involving surface area and volumeSolve problems involving irrational numbers and scientific notation.
Key skills: Distinguish rational/irrational numbers, Perform operations with scientific notationCreate, analyze, and solve linear equations, inequalities, and systems of equations.
Key skills: Solve linear equations, Solve systems of linear equationsDescribe, define, and analyze functions and their graphs.
Key skills: Define a function, Compare properties of two functionsCreate and analyze systems of linear equations and inequalities to model real-life phenomena.
Key skills: Solve systems of equations, Graph linear inequalitiesConstruct and interpret arithmetic sequences as functions.
Key skills: Build functions, Interpret sequencesExplore and analyze properties of linear functions and their graphs.
Key skills: Interpret key features of graphs, Calculate rate of changeProve theorems about lines and angles and use them to solve geometric problems.
Key skills: Prove vertical angle theorem, Prove theorems about parallel linesProve theorems about triangles and use them to solve geometric problems.
Key skills: Prove triangle congruence, Use similarity criteriaUnderstand and apply theorems about circles.
Key skills: Identify relationships between arcs and angles, Find arc lengths and sector areasPerform arithmetic operations on polynomials.
Key skills: Add/subtract/multiply polynomials, Understand closure of polynomialsAnalyze and interpret polynomial functions.
Key skills: Identify zeros of polynomials, Graph polynomial functionsMake inferences and justify conclusions from sample surveys, experiments, and observational studies.
Key skills: Recognize purpose of sample surveys, Evaluate reports based on dataAnalyze and interpret trigonometric functions.
Key skills: Model periodic phenomena, Graph trigonometric functionsPerform operations with vectors.
Key skills: Represent vectors geometrically, Perform vector addition/subtractionExplore conic sections and their properties.
Key skills: Derive equations of ellipses/hyperbolas, Identify key features of conicsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to describe objects in terms of the materials they are made of and their physical attributes.
Key skills: Sort objects by properties, Identify materialsObtain, evaluate, and communicate observations about time patterns (day to night and night to day) and objects (sun, moon, stars) in the day and night sky.
Key skills: Observe sky patterns, Classify day/night objectsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to compare the similarities and differences in groups of organisms.
Key skills: Compare plants and animals, Group organismsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to investigate light and sound.
Key skills: Identify sources of light, Investigate sound vibrationsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about weather and climate patterns.
Key skills: Observe weather changes, Record weather dataObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the basic needs of plants and animals.
Key skills: Identify plant parts, Compare animal needsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the properties of matter and changes that occur in objects.
Key skills: Describe physical properties, Investigate changes in matterObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about stars and planets.
Key skills: Describe the sun as a star, Observe moon phasesObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the life cycles of different living organisms.
Key skills: Compare life cycles, Investigate plant growthObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the ways heat energy is transferred and measured.
Key skills: Measure temperature, Investigate insulationObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the physical attributes of rocks and soils.
Key skills: Classify rocks, Compare soil typesObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the similarities and differences between plants, animals, and habitats found within geographic regions of Georgia.
Key skills: Identify Georgia habitats, Compare organism adaptationsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the nature of light and how light interacts with objects.
Key skills: Investigate reflection/refraction, Identify transparent/opaque materialsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to compare and contrast the physical attributes of stars, star patterns, and planets.
Key skills: Compare planets, Explain day/night cycleObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the roles of organisms and the flow of energy within an ecosystem.
Key skills: Construct food webs, Explain energy flowObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain the differences between physical and chemical changes.
Key skills: Identify physical changes, Identify chemical changesObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to identify surface features on the Earth caused by constructive and/or destructive processes.
Key skills: Identify landforms, Explain weathering/erosionObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to group organisms using scientific classification procedures.
Key skills: Classify animals, Classify plantsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about current scientific views of the universe and how those views have evolved.
Key skills: Compare heliocentric/geocentric models, Describe galaxy componentsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to recognize the significant role of water in Earth processes.
Key skills: Explain the water cycle, Analyze ocean currentsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to show how Earth's surface is formed.
Key skills: Describe plate tectonics, Explain rock cycleObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to investigate the diversity of living organisms and how they can be compared scientifically.
Key skills: Classify organisms, Use dichotomous keysObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to describe how cell structures, cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems interact to maintain the basic needs of organisms.
Key skills: Identify cell organelles, Explain body systemsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to examine the interdependence of organisms with one another and their environments.
Key skills: Analyze ecosystems, Explain symbiotic relationshipsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the structure and properties of matter.
Key skills: Model atomic structure, Classify matterObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about cause and effect relationships between force, mass, and motion.
Key skills: Calculate speed/velocity, Explain Newton's LawsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to support the claim that electromagnetic waves behave differently than mechanical waves.
Key skills: Compare wave types, Explain light propertiesObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to analyze the nature of the relationships between structures and functions in living cells.
Key skills: Explain role of DNA/RNA, Describe protein synthesisObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to analyze how genetic information is expressed and transmitted.
Key skills: Predict inheritance patterns, Explain meiosisObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to assess the interdependence of all organisms on one another and their environment.
Key skills: Analyze population dynamics, Evaluate human impactObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain the structure of the atom and changes in nuclear structure.
Key skills: Determine atomic properties, Explain fission/fusionObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain the relationships among force, mass, and motion.
Key skills: Calculate acceleration, Apply Newton's lawsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information to explain the properties of and relationships between electricity and magnetism.
Key skills: Investigate circuits, Explain electromagnetismObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the use of the modern atomic theory and periodic law to explain the characteristics of atoms and elements.
Key skills: Predict element properties, Write electron configurationsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about how the Law of Conservation of Matter is used to determine chemical composition in compounds and chemical reactions.
Key skills: Balance chemical equations, Perform stoichiometric calculationsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the properties that describe solutions and the nature of acids and bases.
Key skills: Calculate concentration, Compare acids and basesObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the relationship between distance, displacement, speed, velocity, and acceleration as functions of time.
Key skills: Analyze kinematic graphs, Solve kinematic equationsObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the importance of conservation laws for mechanical energy and linear momentum in predicting the behavior of physical systems.
Key skills: Calculate kinetic/potential energy, Apply conservation of momentumObtain, evaluate, and communicate information about the properties and applications of waves.
Key skills: Analyze wave interference, Explain Doppler effectIdentify the national holidays and describe the people and/or events celebrated.
Key skills: Identify holidays, Connect holidays to eventsDescribe the diversity of American culture by explaining the customs and celebrations of various families and communities.
Key skills: Describe customs, Compare celebrationsDemonstrate an understanding of good citizenship.
Key skills: Explain rules, Demonstrate respectRead about and describe the life of historical figures in American history.
Key skills: Identify Benjamin Franklin, Identify Thomas JeffersonIdentify and locate the student's city, county, state, nation, and continent on a simple map or a globe.
Key skills: Locate Georgia, Locate North AmericaIdentify goods that people make and services that people provide for each other.
Key skills: Distinguish goods/services, Give examples of jobsDescribe the lives and contributions of historical figures in Georgia history.
Key skills: Identify James Oglethorpe, Identify Jackie RobinsonLocate and compare major topographical features of Georgia and describe how these features define Georgia's surface.
Key skills: Locate major rivers, Identify regions of GeorgiaDefine and give examples of the concept of government and the need for rules and laws.
Key skills: Explain purpose of laws, Identify government rolesDescribe early American Indian cultures and their development in North America.
Key skills: Locate regions of American Indians, Describe food/clothing/shelterLocate major topographical features on a physical map of the United States.
Key skills: Locate major rivers, Locate mountain rangesDefine and give examples of the four types of productive resources.
Key skills: Identify natural resources, Identify human resourcesExplain the causes, events, and results of the American Revolution.
Key skills: Identify causes of Revolution, Describe key battlesLocate important physical and man-made features in the United States.
Key skills: Locate physical features, Locate major citiesDescribe the meaning of 'We the People' from the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution.
Key skills: Explain popular sovereignty, Analyze PreambleDescribe how life changed in America at the turn of the century.
Key skills: Explain cattle trails, Describe role of inventorsLocate important places in the United States.
Key skills: Locate states, Locate major physical featuresUse the basic economic concepts of trade, opportunity cost, and specialization to illustrate historical events.
Key skills: Explain opportunity cost, Analyze trade benefitsExplain conflict and change in Latin America.
Key skills: Describe Cuban Revolution, Explain impact of ZapatistasLocate selected features of Latin America.
Key skills: Locate Amazon River, Locate Andes MountainsAnalyze different economic systems.
Key skills: Compare command/market economies, Explain mixed economiesAnalyze continuity and change in Africa leading to the 21st century.
Key skills: Explain European partitioning, Describe independence movementsLocate selected features of Africa.
Key skills: Locate Sahara Desert, Locate Nile RiverCompare and contrast different forms of citizen participation in government.
Key skills: Distinguish autocratic/democratic, Explain parliamentary/presidentialEvaluate the impact of European exploration and settlement on American Indians in Georgia.
Key skills: Describe Mississippian culture, Explain Spanish missionsDescribe Georgia's geography and climate.
Key skills: Locate 5 geographic regions, Explain importance of waterExplain how the four transportation systems interact to support Georgia's economy.
Key skills: Analyze role of ports, Explain impact of railroadsCompare and contrast various systems of government.
Key skills: Compare unitary/confederal/federal, Contrast autocracy/oligarchy/democracyDemonstrate knowledge of the framing and structure of the United States Constitution.
Key skills: Analyze Preamble, Explain separation of powersDemonstrate knowledge of the legislative branch of government.
Key skills: Explain bicameral legislature, Describe legislative processAnalyze the origins, structures, and interactions of societies in the ancient world from 3500 BCE to 500 BCE.
Key skills: Compare Mesopotamia and Egypt, Describe development of monotheismAnalyze change and continuity in the Renaissance and Reformation.
Key skills: Explain humanism, Analyze impact of printing pressAnalyze the Age of Revolutions and Rebellions.
Key skills: Examine French Revolution, Analyze Napoleon's riseCompare and contrast the development of English settlement and colonization during the 17th Century.
Key skills: Investigate mercantilism, Explain development of coloniesExplore the relationship between slavery, growing north-south divisions, and westward expansion that led to the outbreak of the Civil War.
Key skills: Explain Missouri Compromise, Analyze Kansas-Nebraska ActAnalyze U.S. international and domestic policies including their influences on technological advancements and social changes during the Kennedy and Johnson administrations.
Key skills: Analyze Civil Rights Movement, Evaluate Great SocietyExplain why limited productive resources and unlimited wants result in scarcity, opportunity costs, and tradeoffs for individuals, businesses, and governments.
Key skills: Define scarcity, Analyze opportunity costExplain how the law of demand, the law of supply, and prices work to determine production and distribution in a market economy.
Key skills: Illustrate supply and demand, Explain equilibrium priceIllustrate the means by which economic activity is measured.
Key skills: Define GDP, Explain unemployment rateGeorgia's standards are implemented through a framework that emphasizes 'Georgia-grown' content, particularly in the recently updated Math and ELA standards. Teachers are encouraged to use the GaDOE Inspire platform for resources, while instruction focuses on inquiry-based learning and connecting concepts across grades (e.g., the 'Big Ideas' in Math).
Student achievement is assessed primarily through the Georgia Milestones Assessment System (GMAS), which includes End-of-Grade (EOG) measures for grades 3-8 and End-of-Course (EOC) measures for high school core subjects. The Georgia Kindergarten Inventory of Developing Skills (GKIDS) is used for early childhood assessment.
This standard was generated using AI with grounded search to find official, accurate information. While we strive for accuracy, please verify important details with official sources.
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