Instructions
Read the passage below about presidential elections in the United States. After reading, answer the questions that follow.
Presidential elections in the United States are held every four years on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. These elections are a crucial part of American democracy, allowing citizens to choose their leader. The process begins with primaries and caucuses held in each state, where political parties select their candidates. Following this, the nationwide general election takes place, where voters cast ballots for their preferred candidate from the major political parties, as well as third-party candidates. Elections are conducted by each state, with regulations and procedures varying from state to state. The candidate who receives the most electoral votes (which are determined by each state’s population) wins the presidency. A total of 538 electoral votes are available, and a candidate needs a majority of 270 to win. The election outcome is also influenced by various factors such as campaigns, media coverage, political debates, and voter turnout. In addition to the general election, the Electoral College plays a significant role in determining the president. The Electoral College consists of electors from each state who formally elect the president and vice president based on the voters' preferences. While the popular vote is important, it is the Electoral College that ultimately decides the election. Throughout history, presidential elections have reflected the changing values and issues of American society. For example, major events such as wars, economic crises, and social movements have shaped the views and decisions of voters during elections. Understanding the electoral process and its history is essential for participating effectively in democracy.