Science Worksheet for 10-Year-Olds | 20 Objective & 10 Subjective Questions

Instructions

Welcome, Scientist! This worksheet will test your knowledge on different topics in science. Read each question carefully before answering.

Part 1: Multiple Choice

For each question, circle the letter of the best answer.

1. What is the process by which plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to create their own food?
   1. Respiration
   2. Photosynthesis
   3. Transpiration
   4. Germination


2. Which planet is known as the "Red Planet"?
   1. Venus
   2. Jupiter
   3. Mars
   4. Saturn


3. What state of matter has a definite shape and a definite volume?
   1. Gas
   2. Liquid
   3. Plasma
   4. Solid


4. What force pulls objects toward the center of the Earth?
   1. Magnetism
   2. Friction
   3. Gravity
   4. Tension


5. Which of these is a producer in a food chain?
   1. A lion
   2. A mushroom
   3. A rabbit
   4. A tree


6. The continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth is called:
   1. The Rock Cycle
   2. The Water Cycle
   3. The Carbon Cycle
   4. The Life Cycle


7. What is the control center of a cell?
   1. Cytoplasm
   2. Cell membrane
   3. Nucleus
   4. Mitochondria


8. Which of these is an example of a chemical change?
   1. Tearing paper
   2. Melting an ice cube
   3. Baking a cake
   4. Mixing sand and water


9. The Earth spinning on its axis causes:
   1. The seasons
   2. Day and night
   3. The phases of the moon
   4. A year


10. Which part of the human body is responsible for pumping blood?
    1. Lungs
    2. Brain
    3. Stomach
    4. Heart


11. A material that does NOT allow electricity to pass through it is called:
    1. A conductor
    2. An insulator
    3. A circuit
    4. A magnet


12. Animals that only eat plants are called:
    1. Carnivores
    2. Omnivores
    3. Herbivores
    4. Decomposers


13. What is the hardest natural substance on Earth?
    1. Gold
    2. Iron
    3. Quartz
    4. Diamond


14. Sound is created by:
    1. Light
    2. Heat
    3. Vibrations
    4. Silence


15. What gas do humans need to breathe in to live?
    1. Carbon Dioxide
    2. Nitrogen
    3. Oxygen
    4. Helium


16. Which of these is a mammal?
    1. A frog
    2. A snake
    3. A dolphin
    4. A penguin


17. A solution is a type of:
    1. Element
    2. Mixture
    3. Compound
    4. Solid


18. The path that one object in space takes around another is called its:
    1. Axis
    2. Rotation
    3. Orbit
    4. Galaxy


19. Which simple machine would be most helpful for splitting a log of wood?
    1. A pulley
    2. A lever
    3. A wheel and axle
    4. A wedge


20. The skeleton is made of bones. What is its main job?
    1. To digest food
    2. To provide support and protection
    3. To circulate blood
    4. To help us think

Part 2: Short Answer

Write your answer to each question in the space provided.

1. Name the three main states of matter and give one example of each.

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



2. Why is the Sun essential for most life on Earth?

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



3. What is the difference between a predator and prey? Give an example of each.

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



4. Describe what happens during the evaporation stage of the water cycle.

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



5. What is a fossil and what can it teach us?

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



6. Explain the main job of the roots of a plant.

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



7. What is an ecosystem?

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



8. If you mix salt into a glass of warm water, it disappears. How could you get the salt back?

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



9. Why do astronauts float in space?

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________



10. What is the difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources?

Answer: ____________________________________________________________________

Answer Key

Part 1: Multiple Choice

1. B. Photosynthesis
2. C. Mars
3. D. Solid
4. C. Gravity
5. D. A tree
6. B. The Water Cycle
7. C. Nucleus
8. C. Baking a cake
9. B. Day and night
10. D. Heart
11. B. An insulator
12. C. Herbivores
13. D. Diamond
14. C. Vibrations
15. C. Oxygen
16. C. A dolphin
17. B. Mixture
18. C. Orbit
19. D. A wedge
20. B. To provide support and protection

Part 2: Short Answer

(Note: Student answers may vary slightly but should contain the main ideas below.)

1. The three states of matter are solid (e.g., ice, rock), liquid (e.g., water, milk), and gas (e.g., steam, oxygen).
2. The Sun provides light and heat. Plants use the light for photosynthesis (the base of most food chains), and the heat keeps Earth warm enough for life.
3. A predator hunts other animals for food (e.g., a lion), while prey is the animal that gets hunted (e.g., a zebra).
4. Evaporation is when the sun's heat turns liquid water from oceans, rivers, and lakes into a gas called water vapor, which rises into the atmosphere.
5. A fossil is the preserved remains or traces of a once-living thing from a past geological age. It can teach us about ancient life and environments.
6. The roots of a plant anchor it in the ground and absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
7. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals) interacting with their non-living environment (air, water, soil).
8. You could get the salt back by letting the water evaporate. The water will turn into gas, and the solid salt crystals will be left behind.
9. Astronauts float in space because there is very little gravity pulling on them compared to on Earth. They are in a constant state of freefall.
10. Renewable energy sources can be replaced naturally (like solar, wind) while non-renewable sources are finite and will run out (like coal, oil).