Labeled Car Engine Diagram Worksheet — Automotive, Physics & STEM (Grades 7–12)

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Instructions

This worksheet will test your knowledge of the basic parts of a car engine. Read the instructions for each section carefully and write your answers in the spaces provided.

Part 1: Label the Engine

Below is a description of a diagram of a single engine cylinder. Use the words from the Word Bank to identify each numbered part.

Imagine a cross-section of an engine. The large outer casing is the (1)_____. Inside it is a round chamber, the (2)_____. A component that moves up and down inside this chamber is the (3)_____. At the very top of the chamber is a device that creates a spark, the (4)_____. There are two gates at the top; one that lets fuel in, the (5)_____, and one that lets exhaust out, the (6)_____. The piston is attached to a rod, the (7)_____, which is connected to a rotating shaft at the bottom, the (8)_____.

Word Bank:

  • Cylinder
  • Spark Plug
  • Engine Block
  • Piston
  • Intake Valve
  • Connecting Rod
  • Exhaust Valve
  • Crankshaft
  1. _________________________
  2. _________________________
  3. _________________________
  4. _________________________
  5. _________________________
  6. _________________________
  7. _________________________
  8. _________________________

Part 2: Match the Function

Match the engine part in Column A with its correct function in Column B. Write the letter of the correct function on the line next to the part.

Column A: Part
  1. ___ Piston
  2. ___ Crankshaft
  3. ___ Spark Plug
  4. ___ Cylinder
  5. ___ Connecting Rod
  6. ___ Intake Valve
 Column B: Function
  1. Connects the piston to the crankshaft.
  2. The chamber where fuel combustion occurs.
  3. Creates a spark to ignite the fuel-air mixture.
  4. A cylindrical part that moves up and down.
  5. Opens to allow the fuel-air mixture to enter.
  6. Converts the up-and-down motion into rotational motion.

Part 3: The Four-Stroke Cycle

Fill in the blanks below to correctly describe the four-stroke engine cycle. Use the words provided in the box.

piston   |   compression   |   power   |   spark plug   |   exhaust   |   intake

The four-stroke cycle begins with the (1)__________________ stroke, where the (2)__________________ moves down, drawing in a fuel-air mixture. Next, during the (3)__________________ stroke, the mixture is squeezed. At the top of this stroke, the (4)__________________ fires, creating an explosion that forces the piston down in the (5)__________________ stroke. Finally, the (6)__________________ stroke pushes the burnt gases out of the cylinder.




Answer Key

Part 1: Label the Engine

  1. Engine Block
  2. Cylinder
  3. Piston
  4. Spark Plug
  5. Intake Valve
  6. Exhaust Valve
  7. Connecting Rod
  8. Crankshaft

Part 2: Match the Function

  1. 4 Piston
  2. 6 Crankshaft
  3. 3 Spark Plug
  4. 2 Cylinder
  5. 1 Connecting Rod
  6. 5 Intake Valve

Part 3: The Four-Stroke Cycle

  1. intake
  2. piston
  3. compression
  4. spark plug
  5. power
  6. exhaust
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