Instructions
Welcome to your Social Studies study quiz! This quiz is designed to help you review key concepts about resources, the environment, economics, and global geography. Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability. Try to complete the quiz without looking at your notes first, and then use them to check your answers. Good luck!
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
Circle the letter of the best answer for each question.
- A branch or trunk of a tree that is burnt to provide heat energy is called:
A. Fragile
B. Forest reserve
C. Fossil fuel
D. Fuel wood - An ore is a mineral containing:
A. plants
B. water
C. rocks
D. fossil fuel - The sea water covers how many quarters of the Earth's surface?
A. 4 quarters
B. 3 quarters
C. ½
D. none of the above - Which of the following is a type of energy made from the power of moving water?
A. Hydro-electric
B. Natural gas
C. Wind energy
D. Solar radiation - The ocean covers about ___ of the Earth's surface, but this cannot be used for drinking, washing or watering crops.
A. 75%
B. 70%
C. 65%
D. 60% - About 275,000 million tonnes of fresh water comes from:
A. rivers
B. rain
C. streams
D. water-fall - Water goes round and round from the earth to the sky and back. This process is known as:
A. life-cycle
B. precipitation
C. water-cycle
D. condensation - The most fertile part of the soil is the:
A. bedrock
B. subsoil
C. topsoil
D. humus - Good soil contains important minerals for the plants to use for good growth. One of the elements is:
A. phosphorous
B. calcium
C. vitamin
D. iron - Chemicals from factories and sewage disposal into the river helps:
A. increase the oxygen content of the water
B. lower the carbon dioxide content of the water
C. lower the oxygen content of the water
D. increase the carbon dioxide content of the water - When parts of the environment are being deliberately destroyed, this is called:
A. cannibalism
B. vandalism
C. racism
D. criticism - One example of vandalism is:
A. breaking the notice board
B. cutting the trees down
C. polluting the water
D. making necessary noise - When resources are overused or misused, we can say that it is:
A. conservation
B. sold
C. making a lot of money
D. exploitation - Which one of the resources below would be a tourist resource?
A. soil
B. rain
C. sunshine
D. minerals - The letters 'E.E.Z' stand for which of the meanings below?
A. Economic Ecotourism Zone
B. Exclusive Economic Zone
C. Environment Extension Zone
D. European Economic Zone - Which of the following is an example of a secondary industry product?
A. a timber (processed lumber)
B. a whale fish
C. a fossil fuel
D. a forest - Mining is an example of:
A. water pollution
B. air pollution
C. noise pollution
D. land pollution - The best way to stop vandalism is to:
A. use the police to chase the vandals
B. have them killed
C. educate them through education to take care of their environment
D. set CCTV cameras everywhere - The richer countries produce more pollution because they have:
A. many thousands of cars, so they produce more exhaust fumes
B. many thousands of factories, so they produce more quantity of products
C. many thousands of people, so they produce more quantity of products
D. many thousands of people, so they produce more quantity of waste - Inflation is best described as:
A. A decrease in the general price of goods and services.
B. The value of money staying exactly the same.
C. An increase in the general price of goods and services.
D. The process of printing new money. - When we work in order to satisfy our basic needs, it is said that we are engaged in:
A. an economic activity
B. a leisure activity
C. a social activity
D. a political activity - Another word for doing a job or work is:
A. profession
B. skill
C. employment
D. experience - Subsistence farming is:
A. growing crops to earn money
B. growing crops to feed animals
C. growing crops to feed the family
D. growing crops to export - A paid occupation is called:
A. subsistence farming
B. rural occupation
C. economic
D. employment - The big companies that own more than 50 hectares of land for coconuts are engaged in:
A. plantation production
B. smallholder production
C. village production
D. city production - Primary industry refers to:
A. manufacturing or making something by changing raw material into a more useful form.
B. extracting or taking raw materials from the environment
C. providing a service to other people
D. occupying rural land - Coconut and cocoa are grown to be sold to earn money. These crops are called:
A. root crop
B. agriculture crop
C. cash-crop
D. mixed crop - Peter Kalsa and Dick Nimiling are both doing the same occupation back in their respective islands. They are involved in:
A. urban occupation
B. paid employment
C. tertiary industry
D. rural occupation - The first stage of copra production is:
A. collecting nuts and making a heap
B. splitting the nuts
C. removing the white meat of the coconut
D. putting them into the bag - V.C.M.B stands for:
A. Vanuatu Copra Marketing board
B. Vanuatu Commodities Marketing Board
C. Vanuatu Commodities Management Board
D. Vanuatu Commodities Marketing Brand - In order to understand that the population is increasing, it is important to calculate how many people actually live in one particular area. This is called the:
A. doubling time
B. density of population
C. net migration
D. natural increase - According to the textbook "Using Resources," the notes show us that most people of the world live in:
A. Europe
B. North America
C. South and East Asia
D. Africa - The word "Calorie" refers to the amount of:
A. work each person does
B. money each person receives
C. water each person drinks
D. food each person eats
Section B: Short Answer Questions
Write your answers in the spaces provided.
- State three ways in which energy is obtained. Give an actual example of each.
i) _________________________________________________________________________
Example: _________________________________________________________
ii)_________________________________________________________________________
Example: __________________________________________________________
iii)________________________________________________________________________
Example: __________________________________________________________ - Why are petroleum and coal called non-renewable resources?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ - List 4 ways in which petroleum helps us in our daily lives in Vanuatu.
1) ________________________________________________________________________
2) ________________________________________________________________________
3) ________________________________________________________________________
4) ________________________________________________________________________ - Why do you think that the world’s petroleum resources are being exploited so rapidly?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Explain how coal is obtained.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - State the principal mineral resources for Fiji, New Caledonia and P.N.G.
A. Fiji: ____________________________________________________________________
B. New Caledonia: __________________________________________________________
C. Papua New Guinea: ________________________________________________________ - Briefly explain what is pollution?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - What do we mean when we say the marine environment is a resource?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Explain in a few words what will happen to our marine resources if we are not careful.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Give one example of a marine resource that was hunted 200 years ago and state the reason why it was being hunted.
A. Example: ________________________________________________________________
B. Reason: _________________________________________________________________ - What is meant by Vanuatu’s Exclusive Economic Zone?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Why is fish farming important?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Briefly explain the main causes of the following types of pollution. Give an actual example to support your answer.
A. Land pollution: _________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
Example: _____________________________________________________________________
B. Water pollution: ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Example: _____________________________________________________________________
C. Air pollution: ___________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
Example: _____________________________________________________________________ - Can pollution change water resources from being renewable to non-renewable? Explain why this would be a serious problem for the world.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Name five ways in which forests serve humans:
i) ___________________ ii) ___________________ iii) ___________________
iv) ___________________ v) ____________________ - Give two disadvantages of a rainforest:
i) ________________________________ ii) _____________________________ - Name two ways in which humans destroy our rainforest.
i) ________________________________ ii) ______________________________ - Name the four layers of the tropical rainforest:
i) __________________________ ii) _____________________________
iii) ________________________ iv) _____________________________ - Give two locations of a hot desert.
i) ___________________________ ii) ______________________________ - Give two locations of a cold desert.
i) _____________________________ ii) ______________________________ - Make a list of the natural resources of Efate Island under three headings:
A. Resources for farming: __________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
B. Resources for tourism: ___________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
C. Resources for secondary Industry: _______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ - Identify the Geographical feature described below:
a) A place where water is found in a desert ___________________
b) The people who live in the Tundra area in Northern Europe ________________
c) A type of house made from tree trunks _________________________ - Why do you think most people in the world today have to work for cash in order to satisfy their basic needs?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - List three factors that cause different housing styles around the world.
i) ___________________________ ii) ___________________________ iii) __________________________ - If you were to visit the moon, how would you meet your basic needs for survival?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________ - Why do we say that the Earth is like a spaceship?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - Describe the features of the Earth (its physical appearance, its movement around the sun, and its distance from the sun).
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - What is a tourist?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________ - In your own words, define ‘Tourism’ and briefly describe its main economic impact on a small island nation.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Section C: True or False
For each statement below, write T (for True) or F (for False) in the space provided.
- The earth is a perfect sphere. _____
- Most of the world’s population lives in polar regions. _____
- If inflation is high, your 1,000 VT note can buy more goods today than it could last year. _____
- The CPI 'basket of goods' only includes luxury items like speedboats and designer clothes. _____
- Deflation is when the general level of prices in the economy is falling. _____
- 'Wants' are things that are essential for survival, like water and shelter. _____
- Before modern currency, items like pigs with curved tusks and woven mats were sometimes used for trade in Vanuatu. _____
- A budget can help you see where your money is going and identify areas where you can save. _____
- The value of the Vatu, when compared to a currency like the Australian Dollar, never changes. _____
Section D: Geography Skills
- Identify the following major global environments by their description:
i) The largest hot desert in the world, covering much of North Africa: _________________________
ii) The large desert that covers most of Australia: _________________________
iii) The world's largest tropical rainforest, located in South America: _________________________
iv) The world's largest island, a cold desert covered mostly by an ice sheet: _________________________ - Name the three main climate zones of the Earth, which are divided by lines of latitude.
_________________________, _________________________, and _________________________ - The table below lists various countries from around the world. Use your knowledge of world geography to fill in the blank cells.
Continent Country Capital City Area (km²) Asia China Tokyo 9,596,961 South America Brazil Brasília 8,515,767 North America Canada Ottawa 9,984,670 Africa Egypt Cairo 1,010,408 Europe Germany Berlin 357,588 Australia/Oceania Australia Canberra 7,692,024 Africa Nigeria Abuja 923,768 Antarctica (No countries) (No capital city) ~14,200,000
ANSWER KEY
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions
- D. Fuel wood
- C. rocks
- B. 3 quarters
- A. Hydro-electric
- B. 70%
- B. rain
- C. water-cycle
- C. topsoil
- A. phosphorous
- C. lower the oxygen content of the water
- B. vandalism
- A. breaking the notice board
- D. exploitation
- C. sunshine
- B. Exclusive Economic Zone
- A. a timber (processed lumber)
- D. land pollution
- C. educate them through education to take care of their environment
- A. many thousands of cars, so they produce more exhaust fumes (Note: A, B, and D can all be argued as correct, but A is a very direct cause of pollution).
- C. An increase in the general price of goods and services.
- A. an economic activity
- C. employment
- C. growing crops to feed the family
- D. employment
- A. plantation production
- B. extracting or taking raw materials from the environment
- C. cash-crop
- D. rural occupation
- A. collecting nuts and making a heap
- B. Vanuatu Commodities Marketing Board
- B. density of population
- C. South and East Asia
- D. food each person eats
Section B: Short Answer Questions (Sample Answers)
- Three ways energy is obtained:
i) Burning fossil fuels. Example: Using petrol in a car or coal in a power plant.
ii) Using renewable sources. Example: Solar panels converting sunlight into electricity.
iii) Using biomass. Example: Burning wood for cooking or heating. - Why petroleum/coal are non-renewable: They were formed from the remains of ancient organisms over millions of years and cannot be replaced within a human lifespan once they are used up.
- 4 uses of petroleum in Vanuatu: 1) Fuel for cars, buses, and boats. 2) Fuel for generators to produce electricity. 3) Kerosene for lamps. 4) Making plastics.
- Why petroleum is exploited rapidly: The modern world is highly dependent on it for transport, electricity, and manufacturing. The global demand is very high.
- How coal is obtained: It is extracted from the ground through mining, either in deep underground mines or large open-pit mines on the surface.
- Principal mineral resources: A. Fiji: Gold. B. New Caledonia: Nickel. C. Papua New Guinea: Copper, Gold.
- What is pollution: The introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the natural environment, which causes adverse change.
- Marine as a resource: It means the ocean and its contents (fish, minerals, etc.) can be used by people to meet their needs, such as for food, transport, or economic gain.
- If we are not careful with marine resources: They can be depleted or destroyed through overfishing, pollution, and habitat destruction, leading to a loss of food sources and biodiversity.
- Hunted marine resource: A. Example: Whales. B. Reason: They were hunted for their oil (used in lamps), meat, and baleen (used in corsets).
- Vanuatu’s EEZ: It is an area of the sea, up to 200 nautical miles from the coast, over which Vanuatu has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources.
- Why fish farming is important: It provides a reliable source of fish protein, reduces pressure on wild fish stocks, and creates jobs and economic activity.
- Causes of pollution:
A. Land pollution: Caused by improper disposal of waste. Example: Dumping household rubbish in a non-designated area.
B. Water pollution: Caused by waste and chemicals entering waterways. Example: Untreated sewage being released into a river or the sea.
C. Air pollution: Caused by the release of harmful gases and particles into the atmosphere. Example: Exhaust fumes from cars and trucks. - Can pollution make water non-renewable?: Yes. While the water cycle is constant, severe pollution can make fresh water sources so contaminated that they are unusable and extremely difficult or impossible to clean, effectively removing them from the available supply. This is a serious problem because all life depends on clean fresh water for survival.
- Five ways forests serve humans: i) Provide timber/wood, ii) Provide food and medicine, iii) Act as a habitat for animals, iv) Help regulate climate (produce oxygen), v) Prevent soil erosion.
- Two disadvantages of a rainforest: i) The dense vegetation can make travel and farming difficult. ii) They can be home to dangerous animals and diseases.
- Two ways humans destroy rainforests: i) Deforestation (logging) for timber. ii) Clearing land for agriculture (farming or cattle ranching).
- Four layers of rainforest: i) Emergent layer, ii) Canopy, iii) Understory, iv) Forest floor.
- Two hot desert locations: i) Sahara Desert (Africa), ii) Great Australian Desert (Australia).
- Two cold desert locations: i) Gobi Desert (Asia), ii) Antarctica.
- Natural resources of Efate Island:
A. For farming: Fertile volcanic soil, fresh water sources (rivers), tropical climate, flat land.
B. For tourism: Beaches, coral reefs, waterfalls, cultural villages (kastom).
C. For secondary industry: Timber, agricultural products (for processing), sand and gravel (for construction). - Geographical features: a) Oasis, b) The Sámi people, c) Log cabin.
- Why work for cash?: In a globalized economy, most goods and services (food, housing, transport, education) are bought with money rather than produced by oneself or bartered.
- Three factors for different housing: i) Climate (e.g., steep roofs for snow), ii) Available materials (e.g., wood, mud brick, stone), iii) Culture and tradition.
- Basic needs on the moon: I would need to bring everything from Earth in a sealed habitat: air to breathe, water to drink, processed food to eat, and a space suit for protection.
- Earth like a spaceship: It travels through space with all the resources we need to survive (air, water, food) contained within its system. We have a limited supply and cannot easily get more.
- Features of the Earth: It is a slightly flattened sphere (oblate spheroid) that appears blue and white from space. It orbits the sun once every 365.25 days and is about 150 million km away from it.
- What is a tourist: A person who travels to and stays in places outside their usual environment for leisure, business or other purposes.
- Define Tourism: Tourism is the business of providing services like transport, accommodation, and entertainment for people who are travelling. For a small island nation, it can be a major source of income and jobs, but can also put pressure on the environment and culture.
Section C: True or False
- F (It is an oblate spheroid, slightly flattened at the poles.)
- F (Most live in temperate and tropical zones.)
- F (It can buy fewer goods.)
- F (It includes common household items like food, fuel, and clothing.)
- T
- F (Those are 'needs'. Wants are things you would like to have but are not essential.)
- T
- T
- F (Exchange rates fluctuate daily.)
Section D: Geography Skills
- Global Environments:
i) Sahara Desert
ii) Great Australian Desert
iii) Amazon Rainforest (or Amazon Basin)
iv) Greenland - Climate Zones: Tropical Zone, Temperate Zones, and Polar Zones.
- Completed Table:
Continent Country Capital City Area (km²) Asia China Beijing 9,596,961 South America Brazil Brasília 8,515,767 North America Canada Ottawa 9,984,670 Africa Egypt Cairo 1,010,408 Europe Germany Berlin 357,588 Australia/Oceania Australia Canberra 7,692,024 Africa Nigeria Abuja 923,768 Antarctica (No countries) (No capital city) ~14,200,000