Instructions
This is a revision worksheet to help you prepare for your test. Read all instructions for each section carefully and answer all questions to the best of your ability.
SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Read each question or statement carefully and then circle the letter with the best possible answer.
Read the notice in the box below and then answer question 3.
NOTICE
[Text of a public notice, likely stating a rule or official requirement, would appear here.]
Study the description of the SPREP logo below and answer questions 17 and 18.
[The logo for the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) depicts a human figure on an island, surrounded by waves, with a coconut palm and the Southern Cross constellation.]
Read the extract below and answer questions 20 and 21.
For any policy to pass, it needs to go through three bodies: the European Parliament, which represents the EU's citizens and is directly elected by them; the Council of the European Union, which represents the governments of the individual member countries; and the European Commission, which represents the interests of the Union as a whole. The Commission is the EU's executive arm and is responsible for creating new policy and operating the laws. The Parliament and the Council are the law-making bodies.
(Source: Adapted from https://www.thestreet.com/politics/what-is-european-union-14690672)
SECTION B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
Read the extract below, and then answer questions a) to f):
Urbanization has reached a global tipping point with more than 50% of the world population now living in cities. It is projected that by 2020 more than half of the population in the Pacific will live in urban centres due to increasing rural-to-urban migration and the region’s high birth rates.
Source: https://unu.edu/publications/urbanisation-in-pacific-islands.html
a) Define the term ‘Urbanisation’. (1 mark)
b) Approximately what percentage of the world’s population now lives in cities? (1 mark)
c) State two factors that will cause more than half of the Pacific’s population to live in urban cities by the year 2020. (2 marks)
(i)
(ii)
d) Explain one pull factor that causes rural to urban drift. (1 mark)
e) Name any two urban problems that might occur as a result of rapid urbanisation. (2 marks)
(i)
(ii)
f) For the problems you listed above, suggest one solution for each. (2 marks)
(i)
(ii)
Study the context below and answer questions a) to e).
[Context: Traditional Arranged Marriage Customs]
a) What was the practice of the past concerning “Arranged Marriage”? (1 mark)
b) Suggest two reasons why arranged marriage was practised. (2 marks)
(i)
(ii)
c) Is this practice still common today? Give two reasons to support your answer. (2 marks)
Opinion:
Reason 1:
Reason 2:
d) “Some traditional customs are being commercialised.” Explain this statement and give two examples. (3 marks)
Explanation:
Example 1:
Example 2:
Answer the following questions based on your knowledge of cultural practices.
a) The land-diving (Naghol) ceremony in Vanuatu is an example of a cultural practice. Why do you think this custom has been commercialized? (1 mark)
b) List two other examples of commercialisation of culture in the Pacific. (2 marks)
1)
2)
Consider a traditional activity like community farming, as shown in the photograph below.
[A photograph showing people engaged in a traditional farming or community activity is shown here.]
c) What activity is shown in the photograph? (1 mark)
d) How do people traditionally learn the way in which this activity should be performed? (1 mark)
e) State any one change that has taken place in your home area in relation to this activity. (1 mark)
f) Identify one factor that has contributed to this change. (1 mark)
The logo described below belongs to a major Pacific regional organisation.
[The logo of the Pacific Islands Forum (PIF) is shown here.]
a) What organisation owns the above logo? (1 mark)
b) In which city and country would you find the headquarters of this organisation? (1 mark)
c) Why was this organisation formed? (1 mark)
d) Name any two advantages of being a member of this organisation. (2 marks)
1)
2)
Read this extract and then answer the questions below.
In the Pacific region this organisation has given 35 million Vatu to develop fishing, tourism, air transport and agriculture. These developments are carried out by the Secretariat of the Pacific Forum.
a) In what year was the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) established? (1 mark)
b) What was the major aim of the SPC when it was first formed? (1 mark)
c) Name any one activity that has been done by the Pacific Forum according to the text. (1 mark)
SECTION C: MATCHING & ESSAY
Match the United Nations Agency on the left to its main purpose on the right by drawing a line.
| Agency | Aim / Purpose | |
| UNESCO | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to build peace and security through international cooperation in education, science, and culture. |
| UN Security Council | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to maintain international peace and security by investigating disputes, recommending peaceful settlements, and, when necessary, imposing sanctions or authorizing the use of force. |
| UNDP | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to end poverty, build democratic governance, rule of law, and inclusive institutions. |
| ILO | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to promote social justice and internationally recognized human and labour rights, pursuing its founding mission that social justice is essential to universal and lasting peace. |
| FAO | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to eliminate hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition, and to make agriculture, forestry, and fisheries more productive and sustainable. |
| WHO | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to achieve the highest possible level of health for all people worldwide. |
| UNICEF | ▪ ----------- ▪ | to protect the rights of every child, meet their basic needs, and help them reach their full potential. |
Write a short essay answering the following questions.
- What does the phrase ‘Commercialization of Traditional Custom’ mean? (2 marks)
- Give an example of a traditional custom that has been commercialized in Vanuatu. (2 marks)
- Identify and describe why you think this traditional custom has been commercialized. (3 marks)
- Suggest and explain 3 ways we can conserve our traditional customs without them being commercialized. (3 marks)
SECTION D: MAPPING SKILLS
Study the world map below and answer the questions. (5 marks)
[A world map would be displayed here.]
a) What are five of the largest countries in the world by land area? Match the country to its approximate area provided.
- ________________________ with an area of 9.984.670 km²
- ________________________ with an area of 9.596.960 km²
- ________________________ with an area of 9.525.067 km²
- ________________________ with an area of 8.519.346 km²
- ________________________ with an area of 7.741.220 km²
b) (This question is omitted as it requires coloring a map.)
ANSWER KEY
SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
- A. Mexico City (Note: The option was 'Mexico', but Mexico City is the correct answer)
- B. When a town or part of it grows in a narrow strip along a main road
- C. Regulation
- D. Members are allowed to buy goods on credit
- A. An organization that advocates for workers’ rights and better working conditions.
- B. Clan members acting as caretakers of the land.
- B. Migration from rural areas to urban centers.
- A. To explain why people immigrate.
- D. War or famine.
- D. A traditional social structure.
- D. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.
- C. Presence of law enforcement officers.
- B. Rules for survival.
- B. Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.
- A. To protect consumers from being cheated by landlords and shopkeepers.
- B. Countryside.
- B. 1993, Apia, Samoa
- C. The human figure on the island
- B. Suburbs
- A. 3
- A. Law-making
- C. It is an important trading and donor partner
- A. New York
- C. behaviour used within society
- A. They cannot find work
- B. Doing the same work over and over again
- C. Members
- A. outside the city
- A. specialist
SECTION B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (Sample Answers)
QUESTION 1:
a) The increase in the proportion of a country's population living in towns and cities.
b) More than 50%.
c) (i) Increasing rural-to-urban migration, (ii) High birth rates.
d) The prospect of better job opportunities or higher wages in cities attracts people from rural areas.
e) (i) Overcrowding, (ii) Pollution / unemployment / crime / strain on services.
f) (i) For overcrowding: Implement better urban planning and housing development. (ii) For unemployment: Create job opportunities in rural areas to slow migration.
QUESTION 2:
a) Parents or elders would choose the marriage partners for their children.
b) (i) To strengthen ties between families or clans. (ii) To maintain social status, land ownership, or wealth within the group.
c) Opinion: No. Reason 1: The influence of Western education and ideals of individual choice. Reason 2: People now prefer to marry for love and personal connection.
d) Explanation: It means performing or selling traditional customs for money, usually to tourists, rather than for their original cultural or spiritual purpose. Example 1: Performing traditional dances for a fee at a hotel. Example 2: Selling sacred or traditional artifacts as souvenirs.
QUESTION 3:
a) To generate income for the local community and to attract tourists to the island.
b) 1) Fire-walking ceremonies for tourists. 2) Selling commercially produced kava.
c) Community farming / Planting taro or yam.
d) It is passed down from older generations to younger generations through observation and participation.
e) Use of modern tools like metal spades instead of traditional digging sticks / Growing crops for sale (cash crops) rather than just for family consumption.
f) Introduction of new technology / The need for money in a cash-based economy.
QUESTION 4:
a) Pacific Islands Forum (PIF).
b) Suva, Fiji.
c) To enhance cooperation between the independent countries of the Pacific and to represent their interests collectively.
d) 1) Provides a stronger, unified voice on international issues like climate change. 2) Facilitates trade and economic cooperation among member countries.
QUESTION 5:
a) 1947.
b) To promote the economic and social welfare and advancement of the peoples of the Pacific islands.
c) Development of fishing, tourism, air transport, or agriculture.
SECTION C: MATCHING & ESSAY
1. UN Agencies Matching:
- UNESCO → to build peace and security through international cooperation in education, science, and culture.
- UN Security Council → to maintain international peace and security...
- UNDP → to end poverty, build democratic governance...
- ILO → to promote social justice and internationally recognized human and labour rights...
- FAO → to eliminate hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition...
- WHO → to achieve the highest possible level of health for all people worldwide.
- UNICEF → to protect the rights of every child...
2. Essay (Model Points):
- Meaning: 'Commercialization of Traditional Custom' means taking a practice that has deep cultural, spiritual, or community meaning and turning it into a product or performance to be sold for money, often losing its original context.
- Example in Vanuatu: The land-diving (Naghol) ceremony on Pentecost Island.
- Why commercialized: It is a unique and spectacular event that attracts international tourists. This tourism generates significant income for the local community, which can be used for school fees, healthcare, and other modern necessities.
- How to conserve: 1) Education: Teach the younger generation the true meaning and history behind customs so the value is understood beyond money. 2) Community Control: Ensure the local community, not outside tour companies, controls how the custom is shared and ensures it is performed respectfully. 3) Designated Performances: Hold authentic ceremonies for the community at the correct times, and separate, simplified performances for tourists, making a clear distinction between cultural practice and entertainment.
SECTION D: MAPPING SKILLS
- Canada with an area of 9.984.670 km²
- China with an area of 9.596.960 km²
- United States (USA) with an area of 9.525.067 km²
- Brazil with an area of 8.519.346 km²
- Australia with an area of 7.741.220 km²