Instructions for Revision
This worksheet is designed to help you review key concepts in Social Studies. Read each section carefully and answer the questions to the best of your ability. The goal is to test your understanding of urbanization, culture, international organizations, and social structures. Take your time and think through your responses.
Section A: Key Concepts Review
Read each question carefully and select the best possible answer from the options provided.
Urbanization, Migration & Society
- What is 'belt development' in a town?
- A. A place where several communication lines intersect
- B. When a town or part of it grows in a narrow strip along a main road
- C. An area around a town where no building is allowed
- D. A distinct zone different from other belts in the town
- What is the most common type of migration worldwide?
- A. Movement from one region to another
- B. Migration from rural areas to urban centers
- C. Migration from urban areas back to rural areas
- D. Moving from cities to farms
- How do demographers apply the “push-pull” theory?
- A. To explain why people migrate
- B. To describe changes in climate
- C. To explain political changes
- D. To describe geographical changes
- Which of the following is an example of a push factor that causes people to leave a place?
- A. Religious tolerance
- B. Stable government
- C. Plenty of job opportunities
- D. War or famine
- Which of the following is an economic reason why people migrate?
- A. They cannot find work
- B. They are persecuted for their religion
- C. They are fleeing from war
- D. They do not like their government
- Which of these is NOT a requirement for a place to be considered a city?
- A. Having an agricultural surplus
- B. Urban production that is exchanged for food
- C. A transportation system
- D. A traditional social structure
- Among these Pacific Island cities, which has the largest population?
- A. Suva, Fiji
- B. Noumea, New Caledonia
- C. Port Vila, Vanuatu
- D. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
- Which was NOT a characteristic of early towns?
- A. High walls built for protection against enemies
- B. Large community buildings used for leisure and entertainment
- C. Presence of law enforcement officers
- D. Streets arranged in iron grid patterns
- What is the term for parts of a town outside the central business district (C.B.D.)?
- A. Residential areas
- B. Suburbs
- C. Rural areas
- D. Administrative zone
- What does the term “rural” mean?
- A. City
- B. Countryside
- C. Chicago
- D. Dhaka
Organizations, Rules & Culture
- What is the best definition of a Trade Union?
- A. An organization that advocates for workers’ rights and better working conditions.
- B. An organization responsible for finding jobs for unskilled workers.
- C. A group of people who all perform the same type of work, such as teachers.
- D. Different groups of workers with similar complaints but doing different jobs.
- Which of these is NOT a basic rule for running a cooperative?
- A. Anyone can join regardless of age, gender, or race
- B. Every shareholder has an equal right to vote
- C. Some profits are reinvested in running the store
- D. Members are allowed to buy goods on credit
- Why were cooperatives formed?
- A. To protect consumers from being cheated by landlords and shopkeepers.
- B. To provide members with opportunities to buy shares and save money.
- C. To encourage a spirit of cooperation among consumers.
- D. To give members extra money for Christmas.
- Which of the following is the best example of a traditional Pacific value?
- A. Relying on extended family networks.
- B. Clan members acting as caretakers of the land.
- C. Social status determined by wealth.
- D. Success measured by education and financial achievement.
- Imagine you are shipwrecked with friends on an uninhabited Pacific Island for one year. Which type of rules would you need to create?
- A. Family council rules
- B. Rules for survival
- C. Rules for swimming
- D. Rules for worship
- Manners are a part of norms of behaviour. They are usually:
- A. a set of written rules
- B. behaviours used within the family
- C. behaviour used within society
- D. rules for running a country
- What causes boredom in division of labour?
- A. Increased efficiency
- B. Doing the same work over and over again
- C. Less time required to complete work
- D. Excellent salary
- Who has limited liability (legal responsibility) in the cooperative society?
- A. Managing Committee
- B. Registrar
- C. Members
- D. Secretary
- The ACP organization is made up of countries from which regions?
- A. America, China, and the Pacific.
- B. Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.
- C. Asia, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.
- D. Asia, Central America, and the Pacific.
- Why is the European Union important to Pacific countries?
- A. It is the largest exporter of goods to the Pacific
- B. Goods are imported from the EU at cheaper prices
- C. It is an important trading and donor partner
- D. It operates under the terms of the Lomé Convention
- The headquarters of the United Nations Organization is situated in:
- A. New York
- B. Paris
- C. London
- D. Tokyo
- SPREP (Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme) was established in which year and where is its headquarters?
- A. 1957, Suva, Fiji
- B. 1993, Apia, Samoa
- C. 1972, Honiara, Solomon Islands
- D. 1970, Noumea, New Caledonia
Section B: In-Depth Analysis
Read the information and questions below, then write your answers in the spaces provided.
Question 1: Urbanization
Context: Urbanization has reached a global tipping point with more than 50% of the world population now living in cities. It is projected that by 2020 more than half of the population in the Pacific will live in urban centres due to increasing rural-to-urban migration and the region’s high birth rates. (Source: UNU)
a) Define the term ‘Urbanisation’.
___________________________________________________________
b) According to the text, what two factors contribute to growing urban populations in the Pacific?
i) ___________________________________________________________
ii) ___________________________________________________________
c) Explain one pull factor that causes rural-to-urban migration.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
d) Name any two problems that can occur as a result of rapid urbanisation.
i) ___________________________________________________________
ii) ___________________________________________________________
e) For each problem you listed above, suggest one possible solution.
i) ___________________________________________________________
ii) ___________________________________________________________
Question 2: Culture & Tradition
a) In the past, how were marriages commonly arranged in many traditional societies?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
b) Suggest two reasons why arranged marriage was practised.
i) ___________________________________________________________
ii) ___________________________________________________________
c) In many societies, this practice is less common today. Give two reasons for this change.
i) ___________________________________________________________
ii) ___________________________________________________________
d) The statement “Some traditional customs are being commercialised” means that cultural practices are being turned into products or services to be sold for money. Give two examples of cultural commercialisation in the Pacific region.
Example 1: ___________________________________________________________
Example 2: ___________________________________________________________
Question 3: Regional Cooperation
Context: In the Pacific region, an organization has given 35 million Vatu to develop fishing, tourism, air transport, and agriculture. These developments are carried out by the Secretariat of the Pacific Forum. (Source: Working Together: pg.38)
a) The Pacific Islands Forum was originally founded as the South Pacific Forum. In what year was it established?
___________________________________________________________
b) What was the major aim of the Pacific Islands Forum when it was first formed?
___________________________________________________________
c) Name one type of development project supported by this organization, according to the text.
___________________________________________________________
Section C: Matching UN Agencies
Match the United Nations agency on the left with its primary aim on the right by drawing a line between them.
Agency
|
Aim
|
Section D: Essay Practice
In a well-structured paragraph, answer the following prompt:
What does the phrase ‘Commercialization of Traditional Custom’ mean? Give an example of a traditional custom that has been commercialized in Vanuatu or another Pacific nation, and explain why this commercialization might have occurred.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Section E: World Geography
Based on your knowledge, list the five largest countries in the world by total land area, from largest to smallest.
- ______________________________
- ______________________________
- ______________________________
- ______________________________
- ______________________________
Answer Key
Section A: Key Concepts Review
- B. When a town or part of it grows in a narrow strip along a main road
- B. Migration from rural areas to urban centers
- A. To explain why people migrate
- D. War or famine
- A. They cannot find work
- D. A traditional social structure
- D. Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
- D. Streets arranged in iron grid patterns
- B. Suburbs
- B. Countryside
- A. An organization that advocates for workers’ rights and better working conditions.
- D. Members are allowed to buy goods on credit
- A. To protect consumers from being cheated by landlords and shopkeepers.
- B. Clan members acting as caretakers of the land. (Note: A is also a valid aspect)
- B. Rules for survival
- C. behaviour used within society
- B. Doing the same work over and over again
- C. Members
- B. Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.
- C. It is an important trading and donor partner
- A. New York
- B. 1993, Apia, Samoa
Section B: In-Depth Analysis
Question 1: Urbanization
a) Urbanisation is the process of a country's population shifting from living in rural areas to urban areas (cities and towns), leading to the growth of those urban areas.
b) i) Increasing rural-to-urban migration. ii) The region's high birth rates.
c) (Example answer) A major pull factor is the belief that there are more job opportunities and better access to services like education and healthcare in cities.
d) (Example answers) i) Overcrowding and housing shortages. ii) Increased pollution and strain on infrastructure (water, sanitation, transport).
e) (Example answers) i) For housing shortages: invest in affordable public housing projects. ii) For pollution: improve public transportation to reduce car usage and implement better waste management systems.
Question 2: Culture & Tradition
a) Marriages were commonly arranged by the parents or elders of the families.
b) (Example answers) i) To strengthen alliances between families, clans, or villages. ii) To ensure social and economic stability for the couple and their families.
c) (Example answers) i) The influence of Western ideas about individual choice and romantic love. ii) Increased access to education and economic independence for both men and women, allowing them to make their own choices.
d) (Example answers) 1. Traditional dances and ceremonies being performed for tourists for a fee. 2. The land-diving (Naghol) ceremony in Vanuatu being scheduled for tourist viewing seasons in exchange for payment.
Question 3: Regional Cooperation
a) 1971
b) To enhance cooperation between the independent countries of the Pacific region and to represent their interests collectively.
c) Any of the following: fishing, tourism, air transport, or agriculture.
Section C: Matching UN Agencies
- UNESCO → To build peace through international cooperation in education, science, and culture.
- UNSC → To maintain international peace and security.
- UNDP → To end poverty and build democratic governance.
- ILO → To promote social justice and internationally recognized human and labour rights.
- FAO → To eliminate hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition.
- WHO → To achieve the highest possible level of health for all people.
- UNICEF → To protect the rights of every child and help them reach their full potential.
Section D: Essay Practice
Example Answer: The phrase ‘Commercialization of Traditional Custom’ means turning cultural practices, beliefs, or items that have deep social or spiritual meaning into a product or experience that can be bought and sold for profit. A clear example in Vanuatu is the land-diving (Naghol) ceremony on Pentecost Island. Traditionally, this was a sacred ritual tied to the yam harvest and represented a rite of passage for men. It has been commercialized because it is now a major tourist attraction, with set schedules and viewing fees. This likely occurred due to the economic benefits it brings to the local community, providing a source of income in a region with limited economic opportunities. Tourists are willing to pay significant amounts to witness this unique event, creating an economic incentive to package the tradition for consumption.
Section E: World Geography
- Russia
- Canada
- China
- United States
- Brazil
(Note: Australia is 6th largest, so Brazil is the correct 5th)