Objective

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand and apply the concept of base ten in mathematics.

Materials and Prep

• Blank paper
• Pencil or pen

Prior knowledge required: Basic understanding of place value and counting.

Activities

1. Activity 1: Counting in Base Ten

   Start by counting from 1 to 10. Then, ask the student to continue counting, but this time, each time they reach 10, they should start a new column and count from 1 to 10 again. Repeat this process until they reach 100.

2. Activity 2: Representing Numbers

   Ask the student to write down the number 37. Then, explain that the digit 3 represents three tens and the digit 7 represents seven ones. Have the student draw 3 groups of ten circles and 7 individual circles to visually represent the number.

3. Activity 3: Adding and Subtracting

   Give the student a simple addition and subtraction problem involving numbers in base ten. For example, 24 + 13 or 56 - 28. Encourage them to use place value understanding to solve the problem.

Second Grade Talking Points

• "In mathematics, we use base ten to represent numbers."
• "Base ten means that we have ten digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9."
• "The position of a digit in a number tells us its value."
• "The rightmost digit represents ones, the next digit to the left represents tens, the next digit represents hundreds, and so on."
• "We can count in base ten by starting from 1 and going up to 9, and then starting a new column and going from 1 to 9 again."
• "When we have ten ones, we can exchange them for one ten."
• "We can represent numbers in base ten using digits and place value."
• "To add or subtract numbers in base ten, we need to pay attention to the place value of each digit."