Objective

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to understand and perform basic arithmetic operations, such as addition and subtraction, using numbers up to 20.

Materials and Prep

• Pencil
• Blank paper

Before starting this lesson, make sure you have a basic understanding of numbers and counting.

Activities

1. Activity 1: Addition with Objects

   Take out the blank paper and draw some objects, such as fruits or toys. Write a number next to each group of objects. For example, draw 4 apples and write "4" next to them. Then draw 3 bananas and write "3" next to them. Ask yourself how many objects there are in total and write the answer below the objects. For this example, the answer would be "7". Repeat this activity with different numbers of objects.

2. Activity 2: Subtraction with Objects

   Again, take out the blank paper and draw some objects. This time, write a number next to each group of objects. For example, draw 6 balloons and write "6" next to them. Then draw 2 balloons and write "2" next to them. Ask yourself how many objects are left after taking away the second group and write the answer below the objects. For this example, the answer would be "4". Repeat this activity with different numbers of objects.

First Grade Talking Points

• "Today we are going to learn about addition and subtraction."
• "Addition is when we put two or more numbers together to find the total."
• "Subtraction is when we take away one number from another to find what is left."
• "When we add, the numbers get bigger. When we subtract, the numbers get smaller."
• "We can use objects or pictures to help us understand addition and subtraction."
• "Remember to count carefully and write the correct answer."